Prince Rupert of the Rhine

Prince Rupert of the Rhine (German: Rupert von der Pfalz; 17 December 1619 – 29 November 1682) was a German prince from the House of Wittelsbach, a member of the Rhine branch, who fought on the Royalist side in the 17th-century English Civil War. Born in Prague, he was the son of Frederick V, Elector Palatine, and Elizabeth Stuart, daughter of King James VI and I of Scotland, England, and Ireland. Known for his military prowess and adventurous spirit, Rupert served as a cavalry commander and admiral, playing significant roles in several key battles. His involvement in the English Civil War began when he joined his uncle, Charles I, in the conflict against the Parliamentarians. Despite his efforts, the Royalist cause was ultimately defeated, leading to the execution of Charles I and the exile of Rupert and other Royalists. Rupert later served in the French and Imperial armies and was appointed Governor of the Duchy of Cleveland in 1678. He is also remembered for his patronage of the arts and sciences, particularly his support for the Royal Society. In Hebrew, he can be referred to as הנסיך רופרט מהריין.