Joseph Stalin (1878–1953) served as the Supreme Commander of the Soviet Union during World War II, a role that encompassed his positions as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Chairman of the State Defense Committee. As the Supreme Commander, Stalin was the highest-ranking military leader of the Soviet Armed Forces, overseeing strategic decisions and coordinating the efforts of the Red Army against the Axis powers. The title Supreme Commander in Russian is Верховный Главнокомандующий (Verkhovny Glavnokomanduyushchy). In Hebrew, it can be translated as המפקד העליון (HaMefaked HaElyon). This role was pivotal in the Soviet Union's eventual victory in the war, although Stalin's leadership was marked by both military successes and significant controversies, including the harsh treatment of soldiers and the implementation of brutal policies that resulted in substantial civilian and military casualties. His tenure as Supreme Commander solidified his position as one of the most powerful figures in Soviet history, shaping the post-war geopolitical landscape.