The Hajj (Arabic: حَجّ, romanized: Ḥaǧǧ; Hebrew: חַג׳, romanized: Ḥaǧ; Persian: حَجّ, romanized: Ḥaǧǧ; Turkish: Hac; Urdu: حَجّ, romanized: Ḥaǧǧ) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest of cities in Islam. It is a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by all adult Muslims who are physically and financially capable of undertaking the journey, as one of the five pillars of Islam. The Hajj is a demonstration of the solidarity of the Muslim people, and their submission to God (Allah). The pilgrimage occurs from the 8th to the 12th (or sometimes 13th) of Dhu al-Hijjah, the last month of the Islamic calendar. In 2023, Hajj is expected to begin on approximately June 26 and end on approximately July 1.