Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was the Führer (leader) of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. He was the supreme commander of the armed forces during World War II, a period marked by the Holocaust and the deaths of millions. Hitler's aggressive foreign policy and militaristic ambitions led to the outbreak of World War II in Europe. In Hebrew, Adolf Hitler is known as אדולף היטלר, and in German, his title Führer translates to leader or guide. In French, he is referred to as Adolf Hitler, with Führer translated as guide or chef. Hitler's rise to power was facilitated by his charismatic oratory, his exploitation of Germany's economic woes following World War I, and the political turmoil of the Weimar Republic. His autocratic rule and genocidal policies resulted in unprecedented devastation and loss of life, making him one of the most notorious figures in history.